Ozonolysis Plant 0.48 Kg/Hr

Process The Ozonolysis Plant Was Designed To Produce Azelaic And Pelargonic Acids From Oleic Acid. It Also Could Be Used For Ozonolysis Of Other Unsaturated Materials Like Vegetable Oils. A Mixture Of Ozone (6-15%), Nitrogen (1%) And Oxygen (84-91%) Is Reacted With Oleic Acid (Or Vegetable Oils) In A Coiled Steel Reactor. The Ozone Cleaves The Double Bonds In The Unsaturated Acid To Produce An Oil Of Altered Structure. The Reaction Is Exothermic And Should Proceed At A Temperature Of 20-50 Celsius. A Mixture Of Gas And Oils Leaves The Reactor And Is Separated In A Water Cooled Separator. The Gases Go To Waste Whilst About 10% Of The Oil Is Drained Off As Product And The Rest Recycled Back Into The Reactor. A Second Process (Oxidation Of Peroxides From First Process) May Be Used In Which The Ozonised Oil Is Further Reacted With Oxygen In Another Coiled Steel Reactor Immersed In An Oil Bath At Approximately 120 Celsius. Oil And Gas Are Then Separated In A Water Cooled Separator Before The Oil Is Finally Stored At Around 50-60 Celsius. The Oxygen Supply Will Be Piped To The Ozone Generators In Non Welded Pipes At A Pressure Of Approximately 8 Bar. The Ozone Will Be Supplied To The Reactor At A Pressure Not Exceeding 1.25 Bar. The End Products Are Azelaic And Pelargonic Acids Ozonolysis Plant Mainly Consists Of Two Ozonia Cfs7 Ozone Generators (Operated Individually Or In Parallel, Maximum Flow Rate 0.48 Kg/H Ozone Per Generator, At 6% O3, Operating Output Estimated At 0.16 Kg/H O3 Per Generator, At 14% Ozone Concentration, Oxygen Consumption 5.4 M³/H At 6% O3 Output, 2.5 M³/H At 10% O3 Output) Ozonolysis Loop Reactor (The Loop Reactor Consists Of A Pumped Circuit Constructed In Small-Bore Stainless Steel Tubing. An Oxygen / Ozone Mixture Is Injected Downstream Of The Circulation Pump P304, And Unreacted Gas Is Removed From The Circuit Using A Cyclonic Separator / Expansion Tube. N01/P304 (Reactor Loop Pump) Is A Variable Speed, Inverter Driven, Gear Type Metering Pump. Immediately Downstream Of The Injector, The Circuit Passes Through One Or More Reaction Tubes In Coiled Stainless Steel. Gas From The Separator Is Either Vented To The Scrubber, Passed On To The Oxidation Stage, Or Split Between The Two. Liquid Entering The Separator Runs Down The Wall Of The Lower Section Of The Separator, Which Are Cooled By A Water Jacket, And Returned To The Pump Suction. The Water Jacket Is Sized To Remove The Heat Of The Ozonolysis Reaction Using A Water Flow Rate Of 0.5 M³/H. Fresh Reactants Are Drawn In, Or Injected By A Metering Pump, To The Circulation Pump Suction. Liquid Products (And Some Oxygen If Required, Dependent Upon The Operating Mode Of The Oxidation Stage) From The Circulation Loop Are Drawn Off At The Cyclone Separator Via An Internal Overflow Which Maintains A Liquid Level In The Bottom Of The Separator.) All Process Pipework For This System Is In 316L Stainless Steel, Of Either 10mm Or 12mm Od, With A Wall Thickness Of 1mm. 12mm Od Tubing Of This Type Has A Working Pressure At Ambient Temperature Of About 180 Bar, Which Reduces To About 140 Bar At 400 °C. The Loop Flowrate May Be Varied Up To 500 Kg/H, But Is Expected To Be Normally Around 300 Kg/H. The Injected Gas Flowrate Is Up To 3 Kg/H. Up To 3 Kg/H Of Oleic Acid May Be Injected Into The Loop, Together With Up To 27 Kg/H Pelargonic Acid (I.E. An Inlet Oleic Acid Concentration Of Between 10% And 100%). Oxidation Loop Reactor (It Consists Of A Circulation Pump, Ejector, Reaction Tube, And Gas / Liquid Separator Which Returns Liquid To The Suction Of The Circulation Pump. The Main Distinction Between The Two Reactors Is That The Oxidation Reactor Has No Direct Gas Or Liquid Feed. Oxygen Is Drawn From The Ozonolysis Reactor, Together With The Overflowing Ozonolysis Products, Using An Ejector Powered By The Recirculating Loop Flow. Similarly To The Ozonolysis Reactor, Immediately Downstream Of The Ejector, The Circuit Passes Through One Or More Reaction Tubes In Coiled Stainless Steel. N01/P305 (Reactor Loop Pump) Is A Variable Speed, Inverter Driven, Centrifugal Type Metering Pump. N01/P308 (Reactor Discharge Pump) Is A Variable Speed, Inverter Driven, Gear Type Metering Pump. Materials Within The Rig Are Specified To Be Capable Of Withstanding The Highest Foreseeable Temperature Which May Occur, Including That Resulting From A Runaway Decomposition Of Intermediate Material Composed Of 100% Oleic Acid Ozonolysis Products (Up To 300 °C). As Noted Earlier, Internal Parts Of The Loop Pump May Be Damaged By Exposure To Very High Temperatures (The Pump May, However, Be Operated At Up To 170 °C) Fume Scrubber (Fume Scrubbing For The Ozonolysis / Oxidation Reaction Rig Is Provided By Means Of A Packed Column Scrubber. The Scrubber Consists Of A 200mm Diameter Stainless Steel Column Packed With 10mm Pall Rings To A Depth Of 1.8M. The Column Sits On A Sump With A Nominal Volume Of 40L. Liquid In The Sump Is Circulated To The Top Of The Column By Means Of A Centrifugal Pump At A Rate Of Approximately 450L/H. The Combination Of Flowrate And Packing Depth Gives Around 18 Theoretical Stages When Operated Using Alkaline Sodium Thiosulphate Solution To Remove Ozone. To Reduce The Inlet Concentration Of Ozone From 14% In 2.5 M³/H Oxygen, To Below 0.1 Ppm At The Scrubber Exit - Equivalent To Conditions When Both The Ozone Generators Are Operated Together And No Consumption Occurs In The Reaction Stage - Requires About 12 Theoretical Stages, Hence The Scrubber Has About 50% Greater Packed Depth Than Is Required.
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